Why the Diagnosogenic theory of stuttering onset has been dispelled by Essay

Why the Diagnosogenic hypothesis of stammering beginning has been scattered by ongoing writing - Essay Example Neurophysiology-Recent exploration has indicated that individuals who stammer process discourse and language in various territories of the cerebrum than the individuals who don't falter. Relational peculiarities High desires and quick paced ways of life can add to stammering. In fact known as dysphemia, it has here and there been ascribed to a basic character issue. Cerebrum sweeps of people with speech issues have discovered higher than typical action in mind regions that arrange cognizant development, recommending that in individuals who falter discourse happens less consequently than it does in the vast majority. In 1939, a dubious report, on the chance of making a person with speech issues, was led by University of Iowa discourse pathologist, Wendell Johnson and his alumni understudy Mary Tudor. The investigation attempted to make people with speech issues through the span of 4 months, utilizing 22 accidental vagrants from the Soldiers and Sailors Orphan's Home in Davenport, Iowa. Morally worthy at that point, it was intended to actuate stammering in regularly familiar youngsters and to try out Johnson's Diagnosogenic hypothesis a hypothesis proposing that negative responses to typical discourse disfluencies cause faltering in kids. The investigation separated the vagrants into 3 gatherings. 6 regularly familiar vagrants would be given negative assessments and reactions with respect to their discourse, another gathering of 5 vagrants who purportedly as of now faltered would likewise get that treatment, and the staying 11 would be dealt with impartially. The investigation inferred that the ki ds given negative evaluative naming proceeded to create tenacious, perpetual stammers. The investigation was persuasive at that point, with numerous discourse pathologists and youngster wellbeing and instructive experts tolerating Johnson's hypothesis. In 1988, Silverman first detailed the aftereffects of this examination in the Journal of Fluency Disorders and named it The Monster Study. In June 2001, the San Jose Mercury News uncovered this examination to general society just because, prompting across the board contention and discussion about logical morals. Before long, University of Illinois teachers Nicoline Ambrose and Ehud Yairi composed a paper ruining the 1939 investigation, uncovering defects in information assortment and technique, just as bringing up that none of the vagrants really developed a perpetual falter. The importance of the Ambrose-Yairi study 63 years after the fact is that the creators finish up, as a result, that the 1939 proposition didn't demonstrate the hypothesis with which it is credited. As it were, the specialist didn't, and couldn't have, caused stammering in the subjects. For this and numerous different reasons the creators likewise presume that generally the entirety of the moral reactions of the investigation are lost and unjustified. While analysis of a building up kid's discourse can absolutely exacerbate a current stammer, it doesn't make a falter. The significant discoveries, as have been accounted for in the course of the most recent quite a while in the Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research (JSLHR), question longstanding ideas about the beginning and formative patterns of youth faltering. Like most other discourse issue, stammering beginning was continuous and happened under uneventful conditions, that early side effects included just simple redundancy of syllables and words, and that guardians made the issue by responding contrarily to typical disfluencies. Stammering beginning was unexpected in at any rate 33% of the youngsters, was serious in nature,

Volpone, by Ben Jonson :: Free Essay Writer

Think about the finish of the play, the absence of goals in the Bonario - Celia relationship, the class based distinction in the seriousness of Volpone and Mosca's disciplines, the circumstance where Corbaccio, Voltore and Corvino are left. Do you discover the consummation only and in structure or are the uncertain circumstances upsetting? In the epistle of the play Ben Jonson states â€Å"it being the workplace of a comic artist to impersonate justice.† It can be said this is appeared in the consummation and that it is only and in structure as all the characters are rebuffed somehow or another for their voracity and the â€Å"innocent† characters Bonario and Celia who in a manner give a differentiation to the unethical self-centeredness, are liberated and Celia is given back with multiple times her share cash to her dad. Anyway there are uncertain issues left toward the finish of the play concerning these characters. One perspective would be that Celia and Bonario were auxiliary characters in the play utilized as highminded characters to give a differentiation between the debasement and covetousness of Volpone. Mosca, Corvino, Corbaccio and Voltore, thus making the issues concerning them as immaterial in setting with the discipline or â€Å"justice† served by Jonson to Volpone. In any case, at tha t point it is essential to manage at the top of the priority list that as these two characters were so intrinsically genial that the notoriety of them and absence of goals can be viewed as upsetting. Another upsetting bad form can be seen as the class based distinction Mosca and Volpone's disciplines. Volpone is sent to â€Å"Thou workmanship to lie in jail, squeezed with irons, till thou be'st wiped out and faltering indeed.† As he is â€Å"By blood, and rank a gentleman.† And is sent to the Hospital of the Incurables. Mosca, â€Å"Being an individual of no birth, or blood.† Is condemned to â€Å" first thou be whipped; Then live never-ending detainee in our gallies.† This disparity can be viewed as being founded on the way that Mosca is a parasite, in figurative terms a substance fly who feeds of others: the dregs of society. Be that as it may, when one of the avocatore thought Mosca had acquired the cash thusly climbing in status, as a clarissimo he had depicted Mosca as â€Å"A appropriate man! Furthermore, were Volpone dead. A fit counterpart for my daughter.† And is known as a â€Å"gentleman.† This shows how contrasts in class have any kind of effect for how the characters are treated in discipline.

The Role of Nursing Leadership in Hospital Quality Improvement Term Paper

The Role of Nursing Leadership in Hospital Quality Improvement - Term Paper Example QI is a determined procedure that includes common endeavors and work at all the degrees of an association to convey better administrations to social insurance customers. It is accomplished because of positive communications among different divisions of a medical clinic to devise a dynamic framework that continually improves the procedures and results of medicinal services. The idea of QI contain quality affirmation and issue goals (Moran and Johnson, 1992). The large number of emergency clinic quality improvement exercises includes interest in outer projects supported by accreditation and administrative bodies, QI associations and so on. Additionally, a few emergency clinics take part in inward QI exercises which are gotten from worker and patient input (Draper et al., 2008). As indicated by Hassmiller and Needleman (2009), the reconciliation of nursing directors into dynamic assemblages of medical clinic gives improved nature of care and emergency clinic productivity. The inception and movement of Magnet accreditation programs heightens the investment of nursing administration in medical clinics. The premise of magnet evaluation gave by American Nurses Credentialing Center (ANCC) depends on solid nursing portrayal in organization’s initiative structure, sending of nursing supervisor that have a job in hospital’s official administration, a mutual administration operational framework in nursing and definitive forces of nursing authority at all working degree of medical clinic. At first the idea of magnet status depended on drawing in maintenance and employment fulfillment among medical caretakers notwithstanding, later it was uncovered that it is related with improved emergency clinic quality and patient consideration. Another accreditation... This article supports that quality is a common duty and alongside nursing troughs each medical caretaker and worker ought to take an interest in it. A portion of the QI endeavors suggested for nursing organization incorporate foundation of norms and making staff obligated for singular jobs, moving attendants to advocate endeavors, support and introduction of significant input to the nursing staff for future inspiration and consolation, connecting with nursing staff at all degrees of QI exercises from bedside to the executives and adjustment in customary nursing training that doesn't get ready nursing staff for their propelled job in contemporary medicinal services settings. In such manner, accentuation on QI aptitude improvement and powerful usage of these exercises in a medical clinic setting are required. Nursing organization may think that its hard to oversee significant level of authoritative weight connected with these exercises. Essentially, the transformation of logical inform ation into valuable type of experiential learning is a tedious procedure which includes quiet emergency clinic remain and input and so on; be that as it may, the inclusion of nursing staff in such experiential learning is establishment for QI systems and measures. This report makes an end that nursing initiative assume a central job in QI of human services settings. The medical clinics need to adjust and seek after plans/extends that fundamentally add to accomplishment of value, persistent consideration and execution objectives. In such manner, streamlining of nursing organization jobs is fundamental for smooth activity of QI exercises. Difficulties and boundaries ought to be recognized and successfully evacuated for manageable QI of a clinic.

Things You Need to Know About Carole Pateman Sexual Contract Essay Topics

Things You Need to Know About Carole Pateman Sexual Contract Essay TopicsSexual Contract Essay Topics is the major topics and subjects that women seek out in a female reader to solve their problems. This is because they understand that it is not easy for women to be happy when they are being given all types of problems and topics to solve on a daily basis. It is just a fact that people who are into solving the different types of sexual contract essay topics have no problem in keeping their emotions and feelings away from their men.People who have bad sexual contract essay topics generally have bad thoughts about themselves. In fact, they have bad thoughts about women as well. They feel that women are all shallow, easy and have not the maturity and reasoning power to keep the relationship alive.These people want to be able to get girls so that they can get love from them and live happily ever after. Unfortunately, in the case of these people, their main fear is of failure. Therefore, it is not easy for them to be able to keep their feelings and emotions away from their partners. Their partners are usually their core problem.In order to make things simple, people who are into sexual contract essay topics have to keep their emotions and feelings away from their partners. However, this does not mean that they can do it all by themselves. It is just a fact that the need for them to hire an experienced professional who can be their coach, help in handling the problem.The main purpose of hiring an expert in getting girls is to prevent the problems with the sexual contract essay topics that some women may have to face in the future. In fact, it is a fact that there are so many men who suffer with issues related to getting sex from their partners. These men often spend time in bad relationships and thus, fail to get any good deal from their partners. The most important thing is to prevent the whole situation from happening.However, if you can learn how to deal with your problem with the sexual contract essay topics in your life, you can save yourself from the situations that you will face in the future. Therefore, it is not a bad idea to hire a coach or an expert to help you deal with these situations. This way, you will not have to worry about those women and you will not have to worry about making mistakes.Sometimes, people who have problems with the sexual contract essay topics find it hard to trust people. They tend to run away from other people in a certain situation and this is not good because you do not know who you can trust and who not. This is a big mistake because you will have to face the situation and therefore, you must not run away from this. You should consult a coach to find out how to deal with these issues.

Society vs Self - 1013 Words

The Effects that Society has on Individuals are Negative Society is, by definition, a group of people who live in the same area who tend to follow the same standards. Society influences people to follow their expectations, because it is thought of as the right way to live. Due to this influence, society has a negative impact on the individuals who are a part of it. Society forces conformity on others, has individuals acting selfish, and lowers self-esteem which ultimately has a negative effect on individuals. Society influences people into conformity. Conformity means to be or become similar in form, nature, or character. A huge type of conformity is peer pressure. Like a student being coerced into trying marijuana. In the†¦show more content†¦One of the major self-esteem issues that individuals suffer with is body image. People today look at celebrities in magazines and usually wish that they could look like them. Or, they see their friend with the nice muscles, or the ton ed legs and feel that since they do not have them, they are not as good as them. Because of this, it causes their confidence to drop. Along with body image, bullying is another way to lower an individual’s confidence. For example, a nerdy kid gets made fun of when walking into class because their back pack is very big. Since he feels that he is different from everyone else, his appraisal of himself decreases and he starts to feel like he is worthless. And finally, a way that society can reduce someone’s self-esteem is excessive criticism. Such as when a child is repeatedly told that they are no good. Because they are always being told that they are worthless, consequently, they soon start to feel this way. When society is constantly pushing a body image that makes individuals lose confidence, or when someone is being bullied or being excessively criticised, then an individual’s self-esteem will decrease, which is negative because they feel like they do not be long in this society. In summary, society’s effect on the individual is negative. Society influences its members to conform to its ideals through peer pressure and segregation, is selfish in thinking that only their corrupt actions are acceptable, and lowersShow MoreRelatedSelf Reliance : Individualism Vs. Society Control850 Words   |  4 PagesSelf-Reliance: Individualism vs. Society Control Ralph Waldo Emerson, author of the motivational narrative Self-Reliance was written to teach the readers to follow their individual will instead of conforming to social expectations. Self-Reliance, is considered to be a short narrative that gives the audience a â€Å"pep talk on life,† which gives each individual support and a manual on how to live for those who seek to be individuals in a mass society. Ralph Waldo Emerson, wrote Self-Reliance for thoseRead MoreThe Four Types of Conflict in Shattered851 Words   |  4 Pagesmany problems going on in the society. There are many types of conflicts that are going on around him. The four types of conflicts going on in the book are Human vs. Society, Human vs. Self, Human vs. Human and Human vs. Self. The one conflict that is really making this story apparent is Human vs. Society due to the Rwandan genocide. The Human vs. Self, Human vs. Human, Human vs. Self are the other conflicts that are making this story interesting after th e Human vs. Society conflict. To Begin, the firstRead MoreConflict Can Not Survive Without Your Participation863 Words   |  4 Pagesâ€Å"Indian† ethnic background. 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All of these conflicts show the internal or external struggle of the main characters in the stories. Of the conflicts found in the stories the most frequently used are human vs. human, human vs. society, and human vs. self. The conflict involving human vs. human means there is an external struggle with another person or people. Of the storiesRead MorePsychology997 Words   |  4 Pagesone’s self. his scientific process has been study by many pioneers throughout history who has shared their own belief and explanations for people behavioral issue and the way in which they act which is mundane to one’s society. One pioneer who has contributed his opinion to Psychology is Erikson, a German Psychologist who created eight psychosocial stages that humans encounter throughout their life, the stages are: Trust vs. Mistrust, Autonomy vs. Shame Doubt, Initiative vs. Guilt, Industry vs. InferiorityRead MoreAnalysis Of The Book Mcadams 1154 Words   |  5 Pagesinvestigation of self-understanding, personal memory, personality structure and change, and the relations between the personal lives and cultural. The article provides a numerous of psychologist stories and the contributions they have made in the psychology fields. McAdams, 1985 has argued that personal life takes form of a story, in which involve the environment, character, setting and the theme. He commented that in late adolescent and young adult, people living in modern societies start the conceptionRead MoreSigmund Freud s Theory Of Human Development1712 Words   |  7 Pagesas well as traumas or stressors that influences the stages. Erickson s Lifespan Development Theory -----Header for all pages The Eight Stages of Child Development Stage 1 Trust vs Mistrust Is the world a reliable, trustworthy and safe place? Or is it an unpredictable world full of danger? The first stage (Trust vs. Mistrust) is made specifically for infants during their first few years of life. During this stage, an infant has no idea of what to expect of the world they live in. Since the infant

Information Management And The Risk Assessment Process

INTRODUCTION OF DATA MANAGEMENT RISK: â€Å"AN UNCERTAIN EVENT OR CONDITION THAT, IF IT OCCURS, HAS A POSITIVE OR NEGATIVE EFFECT ON A PROJECT’S OBJECTIVES. RISK ASSESMENT THE AIM OF THE RISK ASSESSMENT PROCESS IS EVACUATE A DANGER OR DIMINISH THE LEVEL OF ITS DANGER BY INCLUDING INSURANCES OR CONTROL MEASURES, AS FUNDAMENTAL. THUSLY, YOU HAVE MADE A MORE SECURE AND MORE ADVANTAGEOUS WORK ENVIRONMENT. INFORMATION MANAGEMENT IS AN ORGANIZATION LEVEL GROUP OF PROCESSES AND ACTIVITIES WHICH NEED TO BE UNDERTAKEN TO MANAGE ALL THE RELEVANT INFORMATION THAT IS ASSOCIATED WITH ANY ENTITY. THESE PROCESSES ENCOMPASS INFORMATION ACQUISITION, INFORMATION STORAGE, PROCESSING, DISTRIBUTION, UPDATING, ARCHIVING AND/OR DELETION OF THE INFORMATION.†¦show more content†¦DEPENDING ON THE LEVEL OF THEIR STAKES, THESE ENTITIES MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE RIGHTS TO ALTER, DISTRIBUTE, UPDATE, AND DELETE INFORMATION DEPENDING ON ORGANIZATIONAL NEEDS. THUS, INFORMATION MANAGEMENT ASSUMES A HIGHLY INTEGRAL AND CRITICAL POSITION FROM ANY VIEWPOINT IN THE PRESENT DAY TECHNOLOGICALLY ADVANCED BUSINESS SCENARIO. AS ANY OTHER FORM OF MANAGEMENT, THE PRINCIPLE CONCEPTS APPLIED INVOLVE ORGANIZING, PLANNING, PROCESSING, STRUCTURING, EVALUATION, CONTROLLING, AND REPORTING OF ACTIVITIES REVOLVING AROUND INFORMATION HANDLING. DATA ELEMENTS OF DATA MANAGEMENT THE KEY ELEMENTS OR ASPECTS THAT CONSTITUTE A DATA MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, INVOLVES: ïÆ'Ëœ DATA MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION ï‚ § DATA MODELING ï‚ § DATA QUALITY INTEGRITY ï‚ § DATA INTEGRATION, CAPTURE ï‚ § DATA CLEANSING, MIGRATION ï‚ § DATA DE-DUPLICATION ï‚ § DATA FORMAT ï‚ § DATA CONVERSION TRANSFORMATION ï‚ § DATA WAREHOUSING DATA MANAGEMENT ADMINISTRATION DATA ADMINISTRATION FORMS A KEY ASPECT OF INFORMATION MANAGEMENT AS IT IS THE FUNDAMENTAL RESOURCE NEEDED FOR INFORMATION PROCESSING FOR ANY AND ALL ENTERPRISES. ACCORDING TO DAMA INTERNATIONAL - â€Å"DATA RESOURCE MANAGEMENT IS THE DEVELOPMENT AND EXECUTION OF ARCHITECTURES, POLICIES, PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES THAT PROPERLY MANAGE THE FULL DATA LIFECYCLE NEEDS OF AN ENTERPRISE.† ACCORDING TO DAMA-DMBOK – â€Å"DATA MANAGEMENT IS THE DEVELOPMENT, EXECUTION AND SUPERVISION OF PLANS, POLICIES, PROGRAMS AND PRACTICES THAT CONTROL, PROTECT, DELIVER AND ENHANCE THE VALUE

Managing A PC Essay Example For Students

Managing A PC Essay Managing A Personal Computer1.1 The AUTOEXEC.BAT file is one of files which loads every time the computer is booted. It contains command lines and procedures to run programs and load settings for the systems hardware and software configuration. It also may contain command lines procedures to run programs which may clean your systems hard drive of temporary files and viruses. An example of this file is shown below:@ECHO OFFPROMPT $P$GSET PATH=C:DOSLH C:SBCDDRVMSCDEX.EXE /S /D:MSCD001 /M:8 /VSET BLASTER=A220 I5 D1 T4SET SOUND=C:SBPROC:MOUSEMMOUSE.COMThe first line of this batch file, @ECHO OFF, is programming command which hides all the command lines procedures from the user. The second line is also a programming command that configures the CUI command prompt. The parameters after PROMPT tell the CUI what to show. The $P stands for current drive and path and $G stands for the greater than sign (). Apart from those two parameters, a user can add any characters after PROMPT and itll be s hown as the command prompt. The next command configures the CUI to search for files in that directory first before looking in its current location. The SET and PATH command procedures, even though different commands, are used in conjunction to configure CUI environment variables and the parameters displayed after that are what the CUI will search in first. The next command is loading DOSs CD-Rom drive letter allocater (The CD-Rom driver must be loaded first in the CONFIG.SYS). The parameters after the executable file inform the CUI to allocate a particular drive letter for the CD-Rom and also may inform the CUI to allocate extended memory or how to read the CD-Rom in terms of speed and sectors. The LH configures the CUI to load this command procedure in high or extended memory. The next command procedure allocates the Interrupt and Drive Memory allocation for the systems sound card as well as informing the CUI of the sound cards input/output range. The next command procedure informs the CUI to look for all the drivers for the sound card in its parameters which will be a directory on the hard disk. The last command loads the driver for the mouse. This command procedure doesnt need any parameters and is just a single command procedure telling the CUI to load that executable file. 1.2 A Batch File Which Asks For User Input:@echo offclsIF %1==C GOTO DRIVEIF %1==D GOTO DRIVEif %1==c goto driveif %1==d goto driveecho Please type INSTALL X (Replace X with your hard drive letter)echo eg. INSTALL Cgoto :quitinstall:DRIVEecho Welcome to the Batch Input Demo written by Leon Douglas. echo. echo Do You wish to continue?choice /n Yes or Noclsecho offmd %1:minstallcd %1:minstallecho offcopy a:inst2.batinst2:quitinstallWithout going into excessive detail of this batch program, what it is accomplishing is a drive letter to install a program into as well as a yes or no instruction to continue. The first part of the batch file which is in bold is the piece of programming that requires a drive letter to be typed as a parameter to the batch file. It will only recognise C or D as drive letters, whether it be as uppercase or lowercase. If the user does not type a parameter or types a different drive letter other than C or D, the batch file will display a message that states a drive letter is required before continuing. In the second piece of programming which is in italics is what the user will see if they type C or D as a parameter next to the batch files name as the command procedure. This part of the programming asks the user whether to continue with the installation or not. I f the user types anything apart from yes,no,y or n the program will not proceed until the correct parameter is typed. If the user enters the correct parameter the program will proceed to the next step which is shown above in bold and Italics. This part of the batch program makes a directory on the given drive and then copies another batch file from the same location as itself to the directory it created. From here, this batch file terminates after the command procedure is given to start the other batch file.1.3 Macros That Automate Procedures Within A GUI (Windows) Within Windows 95 there are several ways that procedures can be automatically loaded without the input of a user. The two most common methods are by placing command line procedures as icons within the Startup folder of Windows or by placing the command line procedures in the LOAD= line of the WIN.INI. Another method is by placing the command line procedure within the Windows Registry but that is the most complex method. T o automate procedures via the Startup folder is a very easy task. Simply make a new icon or shortcut within the folder and browse for the executable file you would like to load. Simply save the icon and next time windows is loaded, that executable will be loaded at the start up as well. To add command line procedures into the WIN.INI file is just as easy, here is an example: windows spooler=yes load=c:scenesscenes.exe navpopup.exe There are two executables as you can see, navpopup.exe and scenes.exe, and these are loaded at the startup as well. The space between the two is all that is needed for Windows to differentiate between the two programs but parameters can also be placed in as well. As you can also see, navpopup.exe doesnt have a directory path so the file must be within the SET PATH command line procedure in the AUTOEXEC.BAT. 1.4 To produce single keystroke operations for various tasks, also known as Hot Keys, is very simple. For an example, within Windows 95, a hot key can be assigned to open a particular executable. This is done by opening the properties of the executable icon and adding a letter in the Shortcut Key box. 2.1 Installing or Upgrading a software package within a CUI is a very easy task. An example would be to install a game that doesnt have any sub-directories. The game will be on a floppy disk and we will have to make a directory on the hard disk. It would go as follows:C: {Enter} MD GAME{Enter} CD GAME {Enter}COPY A:{Enter} The game no can be played by simply typing the executable file name under the directory GAME. Communication And Race Essay3.3 Installing anti-virus software is the easiest part. The hardest part is finding the right package for you which will perform all the tasks you need it to. When I look for an anti-virus package, it MUST be able to do a surface scan of my computer each day apon booting in the CUI by loading the AUTOEXEC.BAT. The other crucial task it should be able to do is sit resident in the background of my GUI, scanning everything I open and automatically disinfects or informs me of any virus it finds. Category: Technology

Origins And History Of The Electoral College Essays -

Origins And History Of The Electoral College Origins and History of the Electoral College In order to appreciate the reasons for the Electoral College, it is essential to understand its historical context and the problem that the Founding Fathers were trying to solve. They faced the difficult question of how to elect a president in a nation that: Origins of the Electoral College The Constitutional Convention considered several possible methods of selecting a president. One idea was to have the Congress choose the president. This idea was rejected, however, because some felt that making such a choice would be too divisive an issue and leave too many hard feelings in the Congress. Others felt that such a procedure would invite unseemly political bargaining, corruption, and perhaps even interference from foreign powers. Still others felt that such an arrangement would upset the balance of power between the legislative and executive branches of the federal government. A second idea was to have the State legislatures select the pres ident. This idea, too, was rejected out of fears that a president so beholden to the State legislatures might permit them to erode federal authority and thus undermine the whole idea of a federation. A third idea was to have the president elected by a direct popular vote. Direct election was rejected not because the Framers of the Constitution doubted public intelligence but rather because they feared that without sufficient information about candidates from outside their State, people would naturally vote for a favorite son from their own State or region. At worst, no president would emerge with a popular majority sufficient to govern the whole country. At best, the choice of president would always be decided by the largest, most populous States with little regard for the smaller ones. Finally, a so-called Committee of Eleven in the Constitutional Convention proposed an indirect election of the president through a College of Electors. The First Design In the first design of the Ele ctoral College (described in Article II, Section 1 of the Constitution): Each State was allocated a number of Electors equal to the number of its U.S. Senators (always 2) plus the number of its U.S. Representatives (which may change each decade according to the size of each State?s population as determined in the decennial census). This arrangement built upon an earlier compromise in the design of the Congress itself and thus satisfied both large and small States. The manner of choosing the Electors was left to the individual State legislatures, thereby pacifying States suspicious of a central national government. Members of Congress and employees of the federal government were specifically prohibited from serving as an Elector in order to maintain the balance between the legislative and executive branches of the federal government. Each State?s Electors were required to meet in their respective States rather than all together in one great meeting. This arrangement, it was thought, would prevent bribery, corruption, secret dealing, and foreign influence. In order to prevent Electors from voting only for a favorite son of their own State, each Elector was required to cast two votes for president, at least one of which had to be for someone outside their home State. The idea, presumably, was that the winner would likely be everyone?s second favorite choice. The electoral votes were to be sealed and transmitted from each of the States to the President of the Senate who would then open them before both houses of the Congress and read the results. n The person with the most electoral votes, provided that it was an absolute majority (at least one over half of the total), became president. Whoever obtained the next greatest number of electoral votes became vice president?an office which they seem to have invented for the occasion since it had not been mentioned previously in the Constitutional Convention. In the event that no one obtained an absolute majority in the Electoral College or in the event of a tie vote, the U.S. House of Representatives, as the chamber closest to the people, would choose the president from among the top five contenders. They would do this (as a further concession to the small States) by allowing each State to cast only one

Alices Adventures In Wonderland Essays - Alice In Wonderland

Alice's Adventures In Wonderland Essays - Alice In Wonderland Alice's Adventures In Wonderland An analysis of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland The following text is a small part of a project from: Jerry Maatta, HII, Katedralskolan, Uppsala, Sweden Written in March 1997 Interpretations and opinions It is important to bear in mind that Alice's Adventures in Wonderland, however special it may seem and however many different interpretations one thinks one can find, is, after all, but a story written to entertain Charles Dodgson's favourite child-friends. It is very obvious in the story that it was written for the three Liddell girls, of whom Alice was the closest to Dodgson. In the introductory poem to the tale, there are clear indications to the three, there named Prima, Secunda and Tertia Latin for first, second and third respectively in feminized forms. The part considering rowing on happy summer days was derived directly from reality. It is said that he used to row out on picnics with the Liddell girls and tell them stories. On one of these excursions it started raining heavily and they all became soaked. This, it is said, was the inspiration to the second chapter of the book, The Pool of Tears. The ever-occurring number of three points out Dodgson always having in mind the three girls he tells the story to. It could, of course, having in mind the fact that he was a cleric, be the Christian Trinity or something completely different. Many people have seen Alice's Adventures in Wonderland as a prime example of the limit-breaking book from the old tradition illuminating the new one. They also consider it being a tale of the variations on the debate of gender and that it's continually astonishing us with its modernity. From the looks of it, the story about Alice falling through a rabbit-hole and finding herself in a silly and nonsense world, is fairly guileless as a tale. The underlying story, the one about a girl maturing away from home in what seems to be a world ruled by chaos and nonsense, is quite a frightening one. All the time, Alice finds herself confronted in different situations involving various different and curious animals being all alone. She hasn't got any help at all from home or the world outside of Wonderland. Lewis Carroll describes the fall into the rabbit-hole as very long and he mentions bookshelves on the sides of the hole. Perhaps it is an escape into literature he hints at. Carroll is an expert at puns and irony. The part with the mad tea-party is one of the best examples of this. There's a lot of humour in the first Alice book, but in the second the mood gets a bit darker and more melancholic. The theme with Alice growing and shrinking into different sizes could reflect the ups and downs of adolescence with young people sometimes feeling adult and sometimes quite the opposite. The hesitation so typical of adolescent girls is reflected in Alice's thoughts: She generally gave herself good advice (though she very seldom followed it). Many short comments point to teenage recklessness, restlessness and anxiety in all its different forms. One other example of maturing is Alice getting used to the new sizes she grows. She talks to her feet and learns some of the new ways her body works in. Her feelings are very shaken from her adventures and she cries quite often when it's impossible to obey the rules of the Wonderland or is it adulthood? Everything is so out-of-the-way down here, as Alice often repeats to herself. Alice doesn't like the animals in Wonderland who treat her as a child, but sometimes she gets daunted by the responsibility she has to take. The quote Everyone in Wonderland is mad, otherwise they wouldn't be down here told by the Cheshire Cat can be given an existential meaning. Is it that everyone alive is mad being alive, or everyone dreaming him- or herself away is mad due to the escape from reality? Time is a very central theme in the story. The Hatter's watch shows days because it's always six o' clock and tea-time. Time matters in growing up, I guess, but further interpretations are left unsaid. The poem in chapter 12 hints at forbidden love, and it is entirely possible that it is about his platonic love for children, or Mrs. Liddell, for that matter. Considering the fact, that the first manuscript was called Alice's Adventures

British Entrepreneurship between 1870 and 1914 Essay

British Entrepreneurship between 1870 and 1914 - Essay Example These traits include a dismal failure to adapt to new technologies, a gross misunderstanding as to the relevance of science in industrial efficiency, an obstinacy to stick to low-yielding established industrial sectors, a dearth of relevant managerial and organizational skills, an inability to delegate responsibility to subordinates and to take advantage of talented people having complementary proficiencies and a general lack of trust and faith in the British entrepreneurial potential (Aldcroft 1981) . At some time during the late 19th century, Great Britain fell victim to an economic decline. Various Historians tend to facilitate diverse reasons as to this economic demise of the Victorian Britain. Some historians attribute this economic decline to the rampant alterations in the world economy, emanating from the proliferation of the Industrial Revolution in the 19th century. There is one other school of historians, who link the economic fall of Victorian Britain to the lacunas existing within the British economy. Many historians blatantly profess that this so-called economic decline of Britain in the late 19th century could be understood and analyzed only in a relative perspective. As per these historians, the economic meltdown in the late 19th century Britain stands to be plausible only when one compares the performance of the British economy to other major industrial economies like the US and Germany. According to Alford, "British enterprise, it will be argued, did not decline d uring this period: it remained remarkably constant and inflexible (1996)." On the contrary, the available statistical data also to some extent indicates that in fact the British GDP was on the rise in the period 1870-1890, irrespective of a sluggish annual rate of growth. Crouzet (1982) argues that the growth rate of Britain, which rested at 3.1 percent in the period 1811-1877, came down to 1.6 percent between 1877 and 1913.Historians also tend to differ, as far as the onset of this economic decline is concerned decline. A majority of the historians identify the year 1873 as the time when Britain slipped into a prolonged era of economic slowdown. Others argue that the UK experienced a remarkable economic growth in the period 1820-1830. Thus, Victoria's accession tends to be the chronological coordinate that ushered in an era of economic decline (Crouzet 1982). Realistically speaking, in consonance with the available statistical data, 1870 could be considered the point of genesis of Britain's economic decline. It was only in the period between 1870 and 1913, when Britain's share of the global industrial output, which rested at 31.8 percent, nosedived to a pathetic and alarming 14 percent (Crouzet 1982).There is no denying the fact that a majority of the historians hold that the late Victorians happened to be grave failures, as far as the realm of entrepreneurship was concerned. As far as the entrepreneurial acumen of late Victorians is concerned, the analysis of their failure tends

War Dance response Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

War Dance response - Essay Example The ability of human beings to invent fire portrays one of their major uniqueness. Fire was able to change the lives of human beings in numerous aspects which are still witnessed today. Unlike other animals, human beings have unique body structure. For example, they have opposable thumbs and have ability to communicate more efficiently and effectively using different means such as languages, signs, body movements to mention just but a few. Moreover, human beings have strong socials connections and have highly developed brains as compared to other animals/species. This can be substantiated by the fact that they have been able to make the entire world a global village through their creativity and innovation of communication information technology (Zhu and Dasheng, pp.34-35). In addition to this, human beings are social animals; this argument may be substantiated by the fact that human beings like living together in social groups. They tend to live as community members rather than individuals human beings. For example, the emergence of cities is good evidence. Most people move from isolated places such as rural areas and move to cities to look for employment as well as socialize with other people. Based on the traditional human social structure, it can be observed that human beings are social animals. For example, they used to have families whereby, a man could decide to become a monogamous by marrying several wives and having numerous children’s. The family members stayed together in the same house (Zhu and Dasheng, pp.34-35). The poems and stories in War Dance by Sherman Alexie display characters and relationship of various people. The first character that helps to support the stated argument is the narrator of the poem in War Dance. The seats with his father in a lonely room in a hospital after his father had undergone surgery on his

Race representation in Desmonds and Mind your language Essay Example for Free

Race representation in Desmonds and Mind your language Essay In this essay I am going to compare the ways in which race has been represented in the two sitcoms Desmonds and Mind your language. Desmonds is a sitcom set in a barber shop in the 1989 and Mind your language which is set in a school in 1970s. Mind your language reinforces stereotypes by the peoples accents for example Ali said that he goes around and nicking on peoples doors when hes meant to say knocking on peoples door thats why you cant trust him and this also makes him sound dishonest. Ali and Ranjeet are in a conflict with each other because of the war against India and Pakistan. Jamila the Pakistani woman is represented as domestic because she is always knitting in class also there is conflict going on with Ingrid the Swedish woman and Anna the German woman who are trying to attract most of the men in the class because mostly the class is full of men. Ranjeet is shown as a typical Indian because he is always shaking his head and moving his hands and also him going to be arranged married to a another person that he doesnt even know and doesnt like. Taro the Japanese man has a camera on him because it shows that all Japanese people carry cameras and makes them look like tourists. All the students in Mind your language dont take learning English seriously by not doing their homework instead they buy it of Giovanni the Italian and coming late to their classes. Desmonds is a sitcom set in 1980s in a barber shop. Desmonds is different to mind your language. It is subverting stereotypes because in Desmonds the people own their own business and when the show starts you see white people hanging around with black people instead of white people on one side and black on the other. This is represented by Shirley how is the daughter of Desmond has a white friend and when the show is starts you see a Blackman and a white man shaking hands. In Desmond the barber shop is used for social conversation about black people achieving things and how political comments are made negative at stereotyping in the media. Sean is the son of Desmond. Hes represented as a claver and wanting to go to school and wanting to learn. As well as listening to rap music and the older brother Sean has left and started working as a bank manager how lives well and also owns his own house. In conclusion I think mind your language is bad because it makes the people sound dishonest and bad but Desmonds on the other hand show positive view on TV because of showing black people wanting to learn and at the same time being into rap music and also black people being friends with white people.

Angels in America Essay -- Tony Kushner Literature Plays Essays

Angels in America The play Angels in America: A Gay Fantasia on National Themes, by Tony Kushner, contained situations in which characters’ personalities underwent great changes from the beginning of the play to the end. One of the most significant and noticeable changes was that of Harper. She was married to the character named Joe, who she knew was gay and the way she dealt with this came to relate directly to her own sanity. In part one, Harper spent a lot of time with her imaginary friend and travel agent Mr. Lies. He was her escape mechanism from the horrible reality she could not deal with that was her life. In part two, Harper came to grips with her husband’s homosexuality and the fact that she was not going to change him. As Harper learned to deal with her husband’s sexuality she became more in touch with her own sanity. In part one Millenium Approaches, everything is falling apart in Harper’s life. She is well aware that her husband is gay. Despite not being told from his mouth, Harper knows and it bothers her that she is in a marriage where her husband secretly desires a partner of the opposite sex from her. Nothing seems to be going right and instead of dealing with reality, Harper takes Valium to escape from reality. Her imaginary friend and confidante Mr. Lies becomes her only companion. She can not function in real life anymore. She takes trips all over the world (imaginary world) just to get away. In Act Mr. Lies explains â€Å"We mobilized the globe, we sent people adrift, we stir the populace and send nomads eddying across the planet. We are adept of motion acolytes of the flux. Cash, check or credit card. Name your destination.† This quote illustrates the freedom that Mr. Lies allows Harper to experience. With the help of Mr. Lies, Harper could go anywhere in the w orld and have any experience without the burdens of real life travel. In Harper’s mind, she gained all of the real life advantages of getting away such as the feelings of escapism and relaxation, but did not have to deal with life’s hassles to obtain them. An example of the above is when Harper had Mr. Lies take her to Antarctica. Her reason for going there was to find people and the trip would ultimately numb her feelings and freeze her tears. â€Å"This is a retreat, a vacuum, its virtue is that it lacks everything; deep-freeze for feelings.. You can be... ... of the play she is taking the initiative to deal with her problems and more importantly take steps towards making things better in her real life. Towards the end of the play when Harper starts working out the situation with Joe’s homosexuality, Mr. Lies is around less and less. She did not need him anymore. He was simply an escape from having to deal with her real life. After Harper learned to handle what was thrown at her by life, she did not need Mr. Lies to take her away anymore. The interactions that Harper had with Mr. Lies represented her ability to deal with the truth. In Part One when he took her away all of the time and she went to him for advice, it was apparent that she could not handle her marriage and her life. Taking Valium and confiding in Mr. Lies was the only way that Harper knew out of her reality. In part II, Harper confronted her problems and was prepared to change what was wrong, she did not need an escape mechanism because she could now face the problems of her life that she could not admit and take care of when she would run to Mr. Lies. Harper grew from part I to part I, and the more she grew was the less she needed Mr. Lies to take her away.

Magnificence. The story about Vicente Essay

The story was all about Vicente, the bus conductor and the tutor of the two children in a village. (paragraph 2) says, The girl at the age of seven and the boy at the age of eight ,simply tells us that there was a seven and eight year old child in the story. At the start of the story we could clearly see how the family and the mother (who is the president of their own village) trusted the conductor that’s why in the first paragraph of the story, it says, â€Å"there was nothing to fear.† Victor was characterized as a gentle and kind. He was a dark little man whose voice is soft and calm in manners. This is the contrast to the characterization of the mother because she is tall and she spoke in a voice of very low, and very heavy. This emphasizes the darkness of Victor and the magnificence of the mother. While I was reading the story I saw the paragraph 6-8 and we can clearly see in this paragraph (that there was something strange or wrong in the motive of Victor for the little girl because he slapped the boy and started to say â€Å"boys don’t kiss boys†.the idea that Victor gives so much favour to the girl by giving her 3 pencils and by doting on her (paragraph 12) got my attention. While (paragraph 18) gives me an instinct to create personal judgment that Victor abuses the childhood of the little girl. The paragraph 23 says, â€Å" his face was all in sweat, and his eyes looked very strange, and he indicated to her that she must not turn around, attend to the homework she was writing.† this paragraph gives me a final conclusion of the whole story that Victor really likes the little girl. At the end of the story in (paragraph 36) the story tells us how the mothers raise their hands against the abuse of males. It implies that a women or a lady ought to be respected even if they are still young at age that’s why in (paragraph 40) the mother says, â€Å"take a bath quickly†. That means to say, to cleanse from all filthiness and stain that she received from Victor, the conductor. In (paragraph 41) the mother soaped her and wiped her gently all over because the story wants to teach us a lesson. That being a woman or as a lady we must preserve our purity and that we must be against from the abuse of males. There are times that we feel that the person is trustworthy but sadly they were not. Trust is gained. While reading the story only three subject  matters revolved in my mind. The trust that we must gain, the dignity/respect that a lady must have and the heroic act or magnificent role of the mother in raising their kids these are the important lesson that we must get from the story. Trust can only be gain by the people who really deserve of it. We may deceive or act like somebody that was not the real of us but once the given trust fall apart it will be very hard to put the trust into its whole. It is an honour for us and a great morality if we act right for through our actions we get also the respect of people. Our purity tells the people that they should respect us. I think the story itself unveils us the importance of having respect/dignity in oneself, and importance of being a mother. One quotations said, â€Å"I love being a mother, I am more aware. I feel things on a deeper l evel. I have a kind of understanding about my body, about being a woman.† –unknown. Mothers protects their child from all abuses that man can give to their child. Wordcount:651

The Macedonian Wars Ascendency Of The Roman Military...

The Macedonian Wars: Ascendency of the Roman Military Machine over Greek Rivals William Kearns Sections 6-7 May 18, 2017 By 148 BC, Rome controlled the Mediterranean Sea and designated this body of water as â€Å"Mare Nostrum, or â€Å"our sea,† but in 214 BC, at the beginning of the Macedonian Wars, Rome faced several rivals in their seas. In the Western Mediterranean, Rome faced a powerful enemy in Carthage, which it defeated in the Punic Wars from 264 to 146 BC. The successors to Alexander the Great’s Empire dominated the Eastern Mediterranean. After the Macedonian Wars, which spanned four wars from 214 until 148 BC, however, Rome defeated these states and only the Polemic regime in Egypt remained free of Roman control. Roman tactics,†¦show more content†¦Consequently, Rome made Macedonian its first imperial province under the Roman Republic and the Third Macedonian War ended with Roman dominance of Greece secured. In the Fourth Macedonian War, the Romans defeated the Seleucid Empire in 148 and established dominance over Asia Minor and the Mediterranean coas tal areas of the Near East. Rome had replaced the Macedonian era with the Roman Era, which would dominate the Mediterranean Sea for the next 500 hundred years. Roman military tactics played an important role in these victories, especially the flexibility of the Roman legions compared the inflexible Phalanx used by the Macedonian armies. The Phalanx was the central tactic of Greek warfare, prior to and after the time of Alexander the Great. In a Phalanx. Greek hoplite infantry soldiers formed a tight rectangle to attack and pulse enemy advances. The Roman legions, however, organized along cohorts. The legion was arranged into 10 cohorts. The first cohort contained 150 men per century. A century was a section of the cohort. The other cohorts contained 80 men. The centurions stood at the bottom left corner of the century. There were 59 centurions in total. Roman legions could use several different tactics including forming a wall with their shields. Roman legions could also form sub groups called â€Å"maniples† which could act as strike forces against enemies. For example, in the Battle of Cynoscephalae in the Second